高速精密滚珠丝杠综合性能试验台设计

随着伺服技术的快速发展,加之电机技术已经相当成熟,高速驱动已经可以达到很高的水平。基于这个原因,在机床行业提出了快速进给这个要求。一般来说,高速进给的速度要达到60 m/min,加速度要达到1 g。作为传动链的重要一环,对滚珠丝杠高速化的研究显得越来越重要。在以往,试验环节被国内的丝杠生产厂家与研究机构严重忽视了,对丝杠的各种改进措施只有大概的、定性的了解,没有具体试验的支撑。近年来,基础参数的获取逐渐被国内重视。因此,高速滚珠丝杠副综合性能试验台的设计与开发显得越来越重要。研发了一种高速精密滚珠丝杠综合性能试验台,可以测量滚珠丝杠的众多参数。介绍了其通用性的机械结构,并简述了其测试系统的搭建。     

定向随钻扩孔技术在塔河油田TH10233CH井的应用

受地层及地质避水要求等限制,塔河油田部分φ177.8 mm套管开窗侧钻水平井采用膨胀管复杂地层封堵钻井技术,该技术实施的关键是对复杂泥岩进行扩孔作业。对已实施的5口膨胀管井的扩孔作业进行分析,通过优选开窗侧钻井井斜角、随钻扩孔钻头和中、高速大扭矩螺杆,优化定向随钻扩孔钻井参数及深井小井眼定向随钻测量技术,TH10233CH井在5 542.66~5 884.00 m井段进行了定向随钻扩孔。扩孔段长341.34 m,最大井斜62°,井径满足膨胀管下入和膨胀大于165 mm的要求,保证了膨胀管复杂地层封堵技术在TH10233CH井的成功应用,为塔河油田同类井实施该技术提供了经验。     

Development and operation of Digital Twins for technical systems and services

Digital Twins are new solution elements to enable ongoing digital monitoring and active functional improvement of interconnected products, devices and machines. In addition, benefits of horizontal and vertical integration in manufacturing are targeted by the introduction of Digital Twins. Using the test environment of smart factory cells, this paper investigates methodological, technological, operative, and business aspects of developing and operating Digital Twins. The following Digital Twin dimensions are considered in scientific and application oriented analysis: (1) integration breadth, (2) connectivity modes, (3) update frequency, (4) CPS intelligence, (5) simulation capabilities, (6) digital model richness, (7) human interaction, and (8) product lifecycle. From this, design elements for the development of Digital Twins are derived and presented.     

丙烯酸装置循环气压缩机叶片损伤分析与修复

某石化公司丙烯酸装置循环气压缩机在运行过程中,一级叶片突然发生断裂,导致机组停机。采用宏观检查、扫描电子显微镜、能谱分析等方法对断裂叶片进行检验和检测,将断裂叶片的材质、裂纹及断口特征检测结果与疲劳断裂特征和机组运行状况进行对比,确定压缩机叶片的断裂系其达到疲劳寿命所致,提出采用激光熔覆方法对压缩机叶片进行修复,介绍了修复工艺操作程序要点,可为同类故事的处理提供参考。     

滚珠丝杠螺母副热态特性建模方法

以某外循环滚珠丝杠螺母副为研究对象，对其热态特性及其建模方法进行研究。在分析滚珠丝杠进给系统的热源和边界条件的基础上，建立了丝杠稳态温度分布的数学模型，并通过软件编程求解得到丝杠温度场和滚道的存在对丝杠稳态温度的影响；建立了考虑滚道影响的滚珠丝杠进给系统有限元分析模型，获得了滚珠丝杠进给系统稳态和瞬态热特性分析结果；最后通过滚珠丝杠螺母副热特性试验，获得了滚珠丝杠进给系统关键点的温度及其变化情况。研究结果表明：所建立的滚珠丝杠螺母副热特性分析数学模型可以较准确地获得滚珠丝杠的温度场，忽略滚道会使滚珠丝杠螺母副的温度场仿真结果产生15%～20%的误差。     

Performance study of constant temperature water immersion thawing system using refrigerator compressor casing heat

Five commonly used thawing methods include water immersion (WT), lotic water (LT), ambient temperature (AT), refrigerator (RT), and microwave (MT) thawing. WT, LT, and AT cannot maintain a specified constant temperature during thawing, whereas MT consumes substantial energy. On the basis of the shortcomings of the above methods, a constant temperature water immersion thawing system using fixed-frequency refrigerator compressor casing heat storage (CWT-CCTS) is designed. The CWT-CCTS recycles the waste heat of the compressor casing and uses the heat to thaw frozen food in constant temperature water. The new system not only provides a new heat source for thawing but also reduces the overall energy consumption and noise of the system during operation. Under a stable full-load operating condition of the refrigerator, CWT-CCTS can reduce the compressor casing and discharge temperatures by 3.8°C and 2.5°C, respectively. The water loss rate of CWT-CCTS is only 15.9% of MT, demonstrating a decrease of 84.1%. In terms of thawing, the maximum power consumption saved by the device is 516.79 kW·h per year in comparison with MT, and the cost of the device can be recovered after 178 days of use     

气动潜孔锤跟管钻进技术在岩土工程勘察施工中的应用

以渤船重工新型总装生产线工程岩土工程勘察项目为依托，应用KG940 A型高风压履带式潜孔钻车﹑采用气动潜孔锤跟管钻进工艺，结合空气正循环排渣方式，摸索总结出一套针对复杂破碎覆盖层的干式成孔新方法，钻进效率及钻孔质量显著提高，为岩土工程勘察勘探孔施工增添了一种新的思路。     

单螺杆膨胀机散热损失的实验研究

单螺杆膨胀机作为有机朗肯循环系统中最适合的膨胀机类型之一,其性能对循环系统有重要影响。本文实验研究了有机朗肯循环系统中单螺杆膨胀机机壳及润滑油的散热损失及其在不同工况下对膨胀机性能的影响。实验结果表明,当进气温度由80℃升至123℃时,单螺杆膨胀机的散热损失增大,其中润滑油散热损失为主要散热损失,其散热量从0. 5 k W增至1. 05k W。随着膨胀比的增加,各散热损失占比逐渐减小。其中,当进气温度由80℃升至123℃时,机壳散热损失占比为5. 1%～2. 5%,润滑油散热损失占比为16. 1%～9. 5%。说明随着进气温度的增加,膨胀机性能逐渐改善,工质气体通过散热损失的能量比例逐渐减小,散热损失对膨胀机性能的影响逐渐减小。     

一种可重构型相移光纤光栅传感系统

为了实现对相移型光纤光栅传感器回波光谱中相移幅度、位置的精确控制,提出了一种利用机械微应变控制相移光纤光栅传感器的方法。该方法采用千分尺螺杆、应变梁、相移型光纤光栅、解调仪等组成。通过千分尺螺杆完成微应变控制,由梁将应变传递给PSFBG,从而使回波光谱变化,最终,构建光谱偏移量与微位移Δy的函数模型。通过应力加载实验,结果显示拉伸与压缩可以使PSFBG产生正相移和负相移,相移拟合曲线是线性的,综合拟合斜率为0.9914。该系统可通过梁弯曲微应变实现对相移的连续调谐,相移的大小可通过改变负载位移实现线性控制。该方法简单、精度高、控制范围大且无源,具有一定的应用价值。     

The hydrogen flow characteristics of the multistage hydrogen Knudsen compressor based on the thermal transpiration effect

Multistage hydrogen Knudsen compressor based on the thermal transpiration effect has very exciting prospect for the hydrogen transmission in the micro devices. Understanding of the hydrogen flow characteristic is the key issue for the designs and applications of the hydrogen energy systems. Firstly, the numerical models of the multistage hydrogen Knudsen compressor are established. The distributions of the rarefaction, velocity and temperature at different stages of the hydrogen flow are calculated and presented. Moreover, the dimensional pressure increases of the hydrogen gas flow are analyzed, and the flow behaviors in the microchannel and the connection channel are discussed. Secondly, the numerical simulation at different connection channel height is implemented, and the hydrogen gas flow characteristics in the connection are analyzed. Especially, the performances of the pressure drop in the connection channel under different channel heights are studied, and the hydrogen gas compression characteristics of different cases are compared and discussed. Also, the effect of the connection channel height on the hydrogen gas pressure increase in the microchannel is investigated. The studies presented in this paper could be greatly beneficial for the hydrogen detection and transmission.